Overview
 
Spike2 laboratory software delivers powerful data capture and analysis, stimulus sequencing and experimental control using one of the CED family of data acquisition peripherals. Specifically developed for life science research, Spike2 is already used in hundreds of laboratories world-wide for a diverse range of applications. Version 4 is the latest release of this versatile software package.

Spike2 records up to 32 channels as a combination of waveform, event, digital marker, notepad, keyboard marker and templated spikes. Different waveform channels can be sampled to disk continuously at independent frequencies up to an aggregate rate of 333kHz.

Spike2 has menu functions for fast manipulation of data and drawing modes as well as multi-channel analysis for event processing, including INTH, PSTH, rasters and event correlations.

Waveform analysis includes averaging, spectral analysis, waveform discrimination and cursor measurement facilities for areas, mean, gradient, RMS amplitude, SD and many others. Export of data to industry standard text and graphic formats is supported.
 

Typical applications
* Extracellular physiology * Computer aided teaching * Sleep studies * Vibration monitoring
* Clinical neurophysiology * Gastro-intestinal research * Electromyography * Force measurement
* Cardiovascular research * Behavioural studies * Evoked response * Vision research

Spike2 features
 
* Independent sampling rates for waveform channels to optimise data storage and analysis Click for an enlargement
Display multiple files simultaneously with on-line and off-line
data manipulation and result view generation
* Continuous, timed or triggered capture of waveform and event marker data direct to disk
* Text and digital markers for annotation and indication of external events and to facilitate selective review and analysis
* Multi-channel analysis of waveform and event data on-line and off-line. Optional raster display with event related analyses and error bars with waveform averages
* Automatic waveform feature detection and measurement
* Mark times in event channels and plot measurements to XY views on-line and off-line
* Analysis routines and repetitive tasks can be automated and customised through use of the Spike2 script language
* Trigger-hold display for oscilloscope type view of responses
* Built-in Finite Impulse Response filtering
* Powerful output sequencer to produce TTL pulses and analogue waveforms whilst sampling
* Multiple files can be opened simultaneously and existing data reviewed during sampling
* Discrimination of single or multi-unit spike activity on multiple channels on-line and off-line
* Lines, dots, sonograms and cubic-spline display modes for waveforms
* Rate, mean frequency, instantaneous frequency, lines, dots, and raster display modes for event data

Data acquisition
 
* Record data to hard disk continuously or at timed or externally triggered intervals
* Sample up to 29 waveform inputs at aggregate frequencies up to 333kHz with the option of different sampling rates on each channel Click for an enlargement
Sampling configuration dialog
* Log up to 8 channels of digital (TTL compatible) events to a resolution of 2µs: typical sources include synchronising pulses or output from a waveform discriminator
* Classify multi-unit spike activity into individual units on multiple channels
* Generate waveforms and digital outputs for stimulus sequencing and control of experimental conditions
* Play out pre-recorded arbitrary waveforms during data capture
* Configure dynamically programmable amplifiers such as the CED 1902
* Commit data to disk at user-defined intervals for greater file security
* Automate file name generation with option for automatic saving to pre-determined folder when sampling finishes
* Change quickly between frequently used experimental setups with a single mouse click
* Access incoming data in real-time for very fast responses related to changes in waveform levels and detection of events
* Calibrate waveform channels easily with result feedback to sampling configuration

Advanced features
 
Spike sorting
Spike2 sorts spikes on-line and off-line with the built-in template matching system, using templates formed both automatically and from user-defined candidates. On-line up to 8 units can be discriminated on up to 16 separate channels. You can monitor and modify the templates during data acquisition. Off-line many more unit types per channel can be classified.

Definable parameters control generation, maintenance and tolerance to variations in spike size and shape. The templates can either be fixed for shape classification or allowed to track gradual changes in spike shape over time. Manual merging and deletion of templates is also available. Click for an enlargement
Spike sorting and analysis

Click for an enlargement
Spike template dialog
  Experimental control and stimulus sequencing
As well as data capture and analysis, Spike2 in combination with a 1401 interface can handle complex experimental control and stimulus sequencing protocols with the aid of the built-in output sequencer.
  The sequencer controls up to 16 TTL and 8 analogue outputs with a timing resolution down to 10µs. You can produce square pulses, sine waves, ramps and stepped voltage pulses with interactive control of timing and amplitudes as well as playing out pre-recorded waveforms with a choice of trigger options. On-line sequencer access to incoming waveform and event data enables very fast responses to changes. The system includes options for randomisation and conditional branching of outputs.
 

The script language gives further control options including communication through the serial lines and commands for spawning other programs on the host computer.

Common applications and script-driven functions
 
Spike analysis On-line and off-line spike discrimination with cross-correlations, PSTH, INTH analysis and display of firing rates, detection and analysis of burst activity, spike triggered averaging and collision testing.

Action potentials Active cursors locate start times, peaks, troughs, maximum slope, repolarisation percentage times, inflexion points, etc. on-line and off-line with automatic logging of measurements and values to text and XY views.

Evoked potentials Basic and conditional averaging with stimulus control, multi-channel EP component detection and measurement with waveform manipulation including smoothing, differentiation and filtering.

Cardiovascular Detection and measurement of waveform features e.g. QRS complex, Q-T intervals, systolic and diastolic values using active cursors, analysis of heart rate variability, R-R intervals and stroke cycle.

EMG Calculation and display of changes in EMG levels over time using either FFTs or area under curve, calculation of muscle fibre conduction velocity and plotting of EMG amplitude and force.

 
EEG On-line and off-line banded spectral analysis using scripts, automatic generation of results measured from built-in FFT processes to text and graphical format. Options include dominant frequency, power in frequency bands and cross-correlations.

Teaching Custom scripts run student practicals written to the exact specifications given by tutors. Requirements include the use of help files with experiment instructions and comparison of computer measured results with those of the student.

Vision research Synchronised recording of eye position and neuronal activity with stimulus control, display eye position and calculate time on target, conditional analysis based on coded markers.

Sleep studies Simultaneous long term recording of multiple signals including EEG, ECG, EMG, respiration, temperature and sound sampled at independent rates, on-line and off-line analysis including Fourier analysis of EEG and EMG signals.

Behavioural studies Recording of animal activity with trial and stimulus markers, control of experimental conditions and reward delivery via RS232 and 1401 sequencer outputs.

 
Script language
 
CED script language Click for an enlargement
Script-driven spike frequency analysis
Spike2 is a powerful package in its own right with the turnkey functions needed by most users. It can be further enhanced by the use of scripts. These range from simple code for performing standard repetitive analyses with set parameters to highly complex experimental control. Scripts can customise sampling, on-line and off-line analysis, data manipulation, data display and saving of results.
  CED script language features
* High-level commands for performing complex analyses with a single instruction
* Programmable toolbars, pop-up windows and dialog boxes for custom user interfaces
* Familiar control structures (for...next loops, procedures, etc.)
* Debugging tools including breakpoints, single-stepping and access to variable values
* Script text editor with drop down function list, syntax colouring and split window options
* Context sensitive help
Whilst many users write their own scripts, CED provides a script writing service and continues to develop and maintain a library of scripts. These are available to customers and provide a wide range of tailor-made functions including complex spike analysis and multiple stimulus control with associated analysis. Further customer and CED-written scripts are available from the CED web site.

To get you started writing scripts, the Spike2 package includes example scripts to use as templates, scripts that automatically generate code for toolbars and dialogs, a comprehensive script reference manual and a training manual with tutorials on a range of script writing topics. You can also write scripts by example! To do this, turn on script recording, do the actions to be recorded and turn off script recording. Spike2 will open a new window holding the script command equivalents of your actions.
 

Click for an enlargement
New version 4 features
 
Sampling  
Click for an enlargement
Automatic measurement of waveform features
Search method choice
Active cursor modes
* Sample up to 32 channels of data (version 3 sampled up to 19)
* Waveform multi-rate sampling algorithm improved
* Faster sampling rates available with the CED Power1401
* Output sequencer re-written with new instructions and many restrictions removed (will still run sequences from previous versions)
* New waveform calibration with a wide variety of options from simple two point calibrations to areas under curves
* Automatic measurement of waveform features
  Analysis
* Active cursors automatically seek data features on-line and off-line
* Multi-channel result views with multi-channel processing
* Error bars in waveform averages, standard error, standard deviation
* Automatic measurement generation, for example QRS, EPs, evoked response with results forwarded to trend plot
* 10 vertical cursors for extended measurements
  Control
* More control over the channel displays including channel vertical order and size
* Draw channels on top of each other to simplify channel comparisons
* Just click and drag X and Y axes to scale and scroll the data
* New dialogs for easy edit of channel title, units and comment
 
Future upgrades of Spike2 version 4 will be available to registered users free of charge as downloads from our web site.
 
System requirements

Spike2 for Windows version 4 requires a CED Power1401, a micro1401 or a 1401plus intelligent laboratory interface, and a PC with Windows 95, 98, Me, Windows NT 4, 2000 or XP. We recommend that the PC has a minimum of 32MB of RAM. Micro and Power 1401 USBUSB operation requires Windows 98, Me or NT 2000 or XP.

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